Fizika (01.12.2024)

45 ta savol · saqlash uchun kiring

Fizika formulalar varaqasi / Лист формул по физике

Doimiy fizik kattaliklar / Физические постоянные

Kattalik	Qiymati
Erkin tushish tezlanishi	$g \approx 10\ \text{m/s}^2$
Gravitatsiya doimiysi	$G = \frac{20}{3}\cdot10^{-11}\ \frac{\text{N}\cdot\text{m}^2}{\text{kg}^2}$
Universal gaz doimiysi	$R = 8{,}31\ \text{J/(mol}\cdot\text{K)}$
Bolsman doimiysi	$k = 1{,}38\cdot10^{-23}\ \text{J/K}$
Avogadro soni	$N_A = 6\cdot10^{23}\ \text{mol}^{-1}$
Elementar zaryad	$e = 1{,}6\cdot10^{-19}\ \text{C}$

Kattalik	Qiymati
Kulon qonuni koeffitsiyenti	$k = 9\cdot10^{9}\ \frac{\text{N}\cdot\text{m}^2}{\text{C}^2}$
Elektr doimiysi	$\varepsilon_0 = 8{,}85\cdot10^{-12}\ \frac{\text{F}}{\text{m}}$
Magnit doimiysi	$\mu_0 = 4\pi\cdot10^{-7}\ \text{N/A}^2$
Yorug'likning vakuumdagi tezligi	$c = 3\cdot10^{8}\ \text{m/s}$
Plank doimiysi	$h = 4{,}125\cdot10^{-15}\ \text{eV}\cdot\text{s}$
Plank doimiysi	$h = 6{,}6\cdot10^{-34}\ \text{J}\cdot\text{s}$

O'nli old qo'shimchalar / Десятичные приставки

Old qo'shimcha	Ko'paytuvchi
T — tera	$10^{12}$
G — giga	$10^{9}$
M — mega	$10^{6}$
k — kilo	$10^{3}$
d — detsi	$10^{-1}$

Old qo'shimcha	Ko'paytuvchi
c — santi	$10^{-2}$
m — milli	$10^{-3}$
$\mu$ — mikro	$10^{-6}$
n — nano	$10^{-9}$
p — piko	$10^{-12}$

Mexanika / Механика

v=\frac{\Delta S}{\Delta t};\quad a=\frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t};\quad S=v_0t+\frac{at^2}{2};\quad \omega=\frac{\Delta\varphi}{\Delta t};\quad \varepsilon=\frac{\Delta\omega}{\Delta t};\quad \varphi=\omega_0t+\frac{\varepsilon t^2}{2};

\omega=2\pi\nu;\quad v=\omega r;\quad \nu\cdot T=1;\quad v=v_0\pm gt;\quad h=v_0t\pm\frac{gt^2}{2};

v_{0x}=v_0\cos\alpha;\quad v_{0y}=v_0\sin\alpha;\quad t_u=\frac{2v_{0y}}{g};\quad h_{max}=\frac{v_{0y}^2}{2g};\quad S=v_{0x}\cdot t_u;

\vec{a}=\vec{a}_\tau+\vec{a}_n;\quad a_n=\frac{v^2}{r};\quad m=\rho V;\quad \vec{a}=\frac{\vec{F}}{m};\quad \vec{F}_1=-\vec{F}_2;\quad F_{el}=-k\Delta\ell;

a=g(\sin\alpha\pm\mu\cos\alpha);\quad \vec{p}=m\vec{v};\quad \vec{F}\Delta t=\Delta\vec{p};\quad E_k=\frac{mv^2}{2};

M=F\ell;\quad F_1\ell_1=F_2\ell_2;\quad F_{ish}=\mu N;\quad N=\frac{A}{t}=\vec{F}\vec{v};

A=FS\cos\alpha;\quad E_p=mgh;\quad E_k+E_p=\text{const};\quad \vec{P}=m(\vec{g}-\vec{a});

g=\frac{GM}{R^2};\quad v_1=\sqrt{gR};\quad v_2=\sqrt{2gR};\quad x=A\cdot\sin(\omega t+\varphi_0);\quad v=\sqrt{\frac{T}{\rho_{ch}}};

v=\sqrt{\frac{E}{\rho}};\quad \omega=\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}};\quad T=2\pi\sqrt{\frac{m}{k}};\quad \omega=\sqrt{\frac{g}{\ell}};\quad T=2\pi\sqrt{\frac{\ell}{g}};\quad \Delta\ell=\ell-\ell_0;

\varepsilon=\frac{\Delta\ell}{\ell_0};\quad k=\frac{ES}{\ell_0};\quad F_A=\rho_sV_bg;\quad p=\rho gh;\quad S_1v_1=S_2v_2;

V_b=\frac{\rho_jV_j}{\rho_s};\quad p+\rho gh+\frac{\rho v^2}{2}=\text{const}.

Molekulyar fizika / Молекулярная физика

\nu=\frac{N}{N_A}=\frac{m}{M};\quad n=\frac{N}{V};\quad d=\sqrt[3]{\frac{VM}{mN_A}};\quad \rho=nm_0;

p=\frac{2}{3}n\bar{E}_k=\frac{1}{3}\rho\bar{v}^2=nkT;\quad \bar{E}_k=\frac{m_0\bar{v}^2}{2}=\frac{3}{2}kT;

\bar{v}=\sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}=\sqrt{\frac{3kT}{m_0}};\quad T=t+273;

pV=\nu RT;\quad p=\frac{\rho}{M}RT;\quad \frac{pV}{T}=\text{const};\quad Q=\Delta U+A;

A=p\Delta V;\quad \Delta U=\frac{3}{2}(p_2V_2-p_1V_1)=\frac{3}{2}\nu RT;\quad C=\frac{Q}{T_2-T_1};

c=\frac{Q}{m(T_2-T_1)};\quad \lambda=\frac{Q}{m};\quad r=\frac{Q}{m};\quad q=\frac{Q}{m};

\eta=\frac{Q_1-Q_2}{Q_1}\cdot100\ \%=\frac{T_1-T_2}{T_1}\cdot100\ \%;\quad F=\sigma l;

\sigma=\frac{F}{S};\quad \sigma=E|\varepsilon|;\quad W=\sigma S;\quad h=\frac{2\sigma}{\rho gr};\quad \Delta p=\frac{2\sigma}{R};

\rho=\frac{m}{V};\quad \varphi=\frac{\rho}{\rho_0}\cdot100\ \%=\frac{p}{p_0}\cdot100\ \%.

Elektr va magnetizm / Электричество и магнетизм

F=\frac{k|qQ|}{\varepsilon r^2};\quad E=\frac{k|Q|}{\varepsilon r^2};\quad F=qE;\quad \varphi=\frac{kQ}{\varepsilon r};\quad W_p=q\varphi;

E=\frac{\varphi_1-\varphi_2}{d};\quad A=q(\varphi_1-\varphi_2);\quad W_{el}=\frac{qU}{2};\quad C=\frac{\varepsilon\varepsilon_0S}{d};\quad q=CU;

W=\frac{\varepsilon\varepsilon_0E^2}{2};\quad C_p=C_1+C_2+\cdots+C_N;\quad \frac{1}{C_{k-k}}=\frac{1}{C_1}+\frac{1}{C_2}+\cdots+\frac{1}{C_N};

E=\frac{U}{d}=\frac{\sigma}{\varepsilon\varepsilon_0};\quad I=\frac{U}{R};\quad Q=I^2Rt;\quad P=IU;\quad I=ne\bar{v}S;\quad j=\frac{I}{S};

q=It;\quad E=\rho j;\quad R=\frac{\rho l}{S};\quad R=R_0(1+\alpha\Delta t);\quad R_{k-k}=R_1+R_2+\cdots+R_N;

\frac{1}{R_p}=\frac{1}{R_1}+\frac{1}{R_2}+\cdots+\frac{1}{R_N};\quad \mathcal{E}=\frac{A_{chet}}{q};\quad I=\frac{\mathcal{E}}{R+r};\quad \eta=\frac{R}{R+r}=\frac{U}{\mathcal{E}};

I_a=kU^{\frac{3}{2}};\quad T=2\pi\sqrt{LC};\quad \omega=\frac{1}{\sqrt{LC}};\quad W=\frac{q^2}{2C}+\frac{LI^2}{2};

Z=\sqrt{R^2+\left(\omega L-\frac{1}{\omega C}\right)^2};\quad I=\frac{U}{Z};\quad \cos\varphi=\frac{R}{Z};\quad P=I^2R=IU\cos\varphi;

I=\frac{I_0}{\sqrt{2}};\quad U=\frac{U_0}{\sqrt{2}};\quad B=\frac{\mu_0I}{2\pi R};\quad B=\frac{\mu_0I}{2R};\quad F=\frac{\mu\mu_0I_1I_2}{2\pi d}l;

F_A=BIl\sin\alpha;\quad F_L=qvB\sin\alpha;\quad R=\frac{mv}{qB};\quad T=\frac{2\pi m}{qB};\quad \omega=\frac{qB}{m};

\Phi=NBS\cos\alpha;\quad \Phi=LI;\quad W=\frac{\Phi I}{2}=\frac{LI^2}{2};\quad \mathcal{E}=-\frac{\Delta\Phi}{\Delta t}=-L\frac{\Delta I}{\Delta t}.

Optika, kvant, atom va yadro fizikasi. Nisbiylik nazariyasi

n=\frac{c}{v}=\sqrt{\varepsilon\mu};\quad \frac{\sin\alpha}{\sin\beta}=\frac{n_2}{n_1};\quad \pm\frac{1}{F}=\frac{1}{d}\pm\frac{1}{f};\quad D=\pm\frac{1}{F};

k=\frac{f}{d};\quad \frac{1}{F}=\left(\frac{n_l}{n_m}-1\right)\left(\pm\frac{1}{R_1}\pm\frac{1}{R_2}\right);\quad I=\frac{P}{S}=\mathcal{W}v;\quad I\sim\omega^4;

d\sin\varphi=k\lambda;\quad \lambda_m=\frac{b}{T};\quad I=\frac{I_0}{2};\quad I=I_0\cos^2\alpha;\quad I=\frac{\Phi}{\Omega};

E=\frac{\Phi}{S}=\frac{I}{R^2}\cos\varphi;\quad E=h\nu;\quad p=\frac{h\nu}{c}=\frac{h}{\lambda};\quad I=\frac{N}{S\cdot t}h\nu;

h\nu=A_{ch}+E_k^{max};\quad E_k^{max}=eU_{yop};\quad h\nu_{min}=\frac{hc}{\lambda_{max}}=A_{ch};

E_n=\frac{E_1}{n^2};\quad E_1=-13{,}6\ eV;\quad h\nu=E_n-E_m;\quad m_ev_nr_n=n\hbar;

r_n=n^2r_B;\quad v_n=\frac{v_1}{n};\quad E_{bog'}=\Delta mc^2;\quad E_{sol}=\frac{E_{bog'}}{A};

A=-\frac{dN}{dt};\quad N=N_0e^{-\lambda t}=N_0 2^{-\frac{t}{T}};\quad \lambda T=\ln 2\approx0{,}7;

\tau=\frac{\tau_0}{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2}}};\quad l=l_0\sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2}};\quad \rho=\frac{\rho_0}{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2}};\quad v=\frac{v_1+v_2}{1\pm\frac{v_1v_2}{c^2}};

m=\frac{m_0}{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2}}};\quad E_0=m_0c^2;\quad E=mc^2;\quad \vec{p}=m\vec{v};

E_k=(m-m_0)c^2;\quad E^2-c^2p^2=m_0^2c^4.

Moddalar va ularning xossalari / Вещества и их свойства

Zichlik (kg/m

^3

) / Плотность

Modda	Zichlik
benzin	700
kerosin	800
suv (4 °C)	1000
spirt	800
simob	13600

Modda	Zichlik
alyuminiy	2700
muz	900
mis	8900
po'lat	7800
temir	7800

Solishtirma issiqlik sig'imi (J/(kg·K)) / Удельная теплоёмкость

Modda	Qiymat
alyuminiy	900
mis	380
muz	2100
oltin	120

Modda	Qiymat
rux	400
suv	4200
temir	450
cho'yan	500

Molyar massa (g/mol) / Молярная масса

Modda	M
argon (Ar)	40
azot ( $N_2$ )	28
geliy (He)	4
neon (Ne)	20
havo	29
suv ( $H_2O$ )	18

Modda	M
karbonad angidrid ( $CO_2$ )	44
mis (Cu)	64
alyuminiy (Al)	27
kislorod ( $O_2$ )	32
vodorod ( $H_2$ )	2

Boshqa kattaliklar

Kattalik	Qiymat
Muzning solishtirma erish issiqligi (0 °C)	$330\cdot10^{3}\ \text{J/kg}$
Suvning solishtirma bug'lanish issiqligi (100 °C)	$2{,}3\cdot10^{6}\ \text{J/kg}$
Benzinning yonish issiqligi	$46\cdot10^{6}\ \text{J/kg}$
Neftning yonish issiqligi	$44\cdot10^{6}\ \text{J/kg}$

Kattalik	Qiymat
Spirtning yonish issiqligi	$29\cdot10^{6}\ \text{J/kg}$
Tabiiy gazning yonish issiqligi	$44\cdot10^{6}\ \text{J/kg}$
Toshko'mirning yonish issiqligi	$29\cdot10^{6}\ \text{J/kg}$
Yog'ochning yonish issiqligi	$10\cdot10^{6}\ \text{J/kg}$

Sirt taranglik koeffitsiyenti (20 °C),

10^{-3}

N/m

Modda	Qiymat
benzin	21
kerosin	24
suv	73
spirt	22
sovun eritmasi	40
simob	510

O'tkazgichlarning solishtirma qarshiligi (20 °C),

10^{-8}\\ \\Omega\\cdot

Modda	Qiymat
mis	1,7
alyuminiy	2,8
volfram	5,5
temir	9,8
nikelin	40
nixrom	110

Nur sindirish ko'rsatkichi / Показатель преломления

Modda	n
suv	$4/3$
shisha	1,5
yoqut	1,76
olmos	2,42

Ayrim birliklar o'rtasidagi munosabat va normal sharoit

Munosabat	Qiymat
0 °C	$273\ \text{K}$
1 u	$1{,}66\cdot10^{-27}\ \text{kg}$
1 eV	$1{,}6\cdot10^{-19}\ \text{J}$
1 mm Hg	$133{,}3\ \text{Pa}$
Normal bosim	$10^{5}\ \text{Pa}$
Normal temperatura	$0\ ^\circ\text{C}$

Shartli belgilar / Условные обозначения

× ×— magnit induksiya chiziqlari o'quvchidan qog'oz tekisligiga tik yo'nalgan
• •— magnit induksiya chiziqlari qog'oz tekisligidan o'quvchiga tik yo'nalgan
⊕— o'tkazgichdagi tok o'quvchidan qog'oz tekisligiga tik yo'nalgan
⊙— o'tkazgichdagi tok qog'oz tekisligidan o'quvchiga tik yo'nalgan

Eslatma: bu formulalar yordam sifatida tavsiya qilinadi.

Jismlarning

a_1 = 5

m/s

^2

a_2 = 20

m/min

^2

tezlaninglarini taqqoslang.

Rasmda ko'rsatilgan sisterna o'ng tomonga

a

tezlanish bilan tezlanuvchan harakat qilsa, sisterna ichidagi plastik idish qaysi tomonga og'adi?

Radiusi 5 sm bo'lgan metall sfera sim yordamida yerga ulangan. Metall sfera markazidan qanday masofaga

-24

C nuqtaviy zaryad joylashtirilsa sfera sirtida 8 C zaryad to'planadi?

Dastlab tinch turgan

\alpha

zarra tomon uzoqdan tezligi

v

bo'lgan proton markaziy yaqinlashmoqda. Ular orasidagi eng qisqa masofani toping.

G'altakdan 1,6 A tok kuchi oqib o'tganda unda 30 Wb magnit oqimi vujudga keldi. Magnit oqimini o'zgarmas saqlab qolingan holda o'ramlar sonini qanday orttirilsa 240 mJ magnit maydon energiyasi hosil bo'ladi?

Ko'zguni qanday burchakka burilsa ko'zgudan qaytgan nur

40^\circ

ga buriladi.

15 mol CO

_2

massasi necha gramm?

5 mol bir atomli ideal gazning temperaturasi adiabatik 200 K ga ortsa ichki energiya qanday o'zgaradi? (kJ)

Rasmdagi sistemada massalari

m_1 = 8

kg va

m_2 = 3

kg bo'lgan jismlar muvozanatda turibdi. Agar prujinaning bikrligi 500 N/m bo'lsa prujina necha (sm) ga cho'zilgan?

10.

Magnit maydonga ferromagnit kiritilsa maydon qanday o'zgaradi?

11.

Idishda 1,5 MPa bosim ostida

27^\circ

C haroratli gaz bor. Agar gazni temperaturasini yana

60^\circ

C ga oshirildi va bunda idishdan gazning 40 % chiqib ketdi. Idishda qolgan gazning bosimini (MPa) toping?

12.

Bir biridan radiuslari 3,5 marta farq qiladigan halqalar perpendikulyar holda markazlari bir nuqtada qilib joylashtirilgan. Katta halqaning markazdagi magnit maydon induksiyasi 24 mT, natijaviy magnit maydon induksiyasi 25 mT bo'lsa, katta halqadan 36 A tok o'tsa kichik halqadan necha A tok o'tadi.

13.

Matematik mayatnik birinchisi

T_1

davr bilan ikkinchisi

T_2

davr bilan tebranyapti. Uchinchi matematik mayatnik uzunligi birinchi va ikkinchi matematik mayatniklar uzunliklari yig'indisiga teng bo'lsa, uchinchi matematik mayatnikning tebranish davrini toping.

14.

Ichki qarshiliklari 80 kOm va 50 kOm bo'lgan voltmetrlar 200 V kuchlanishga mo'ljallangan. Ularni ketma-ket ulash orqali qanday maksimal kuchlanishni o'lchash mumkin?

15.

Yuzasi 54 cm

^2

bo'lgan 30 ta o'tkazgichni qalinligi 48

\mu

m bo'lgan kumush bilan qoplash kerak. Agar o'tkazgichdan 9,65 A tok oqib o'tsa, o'tkazgichlarni kumush bilan qoplash uchun necha soat kerak bo'ladi. Kumushning valentligi 1, molyar massasi 108 g/cm

^3

va Faradey doimiysi 96500 C/mol ga teng.

16.

Elektron va pozitron qo'shilganda 2 ta gamma kvanti nurlanadi. Annegilatsiyada zarralar tezligi kichik bo'lsa, hosil bo'lgan gamma kvantlarni impulsini toping?

17.

Botiq ko'zgudan buyumgacha bo'lgan masofa

d = 20

cm. Buyumning

k = 3/5

marta kattalashgan haqiqiy tasviri hosil bo'ldi. Botiq ko'zguning radiusini toping?

18.

Massasi 1 t bo'lgan yukni 360 m balandlikka ko'tarish uchun qancha pul (so'm) sarflanadi? 1 kWh energiya narxi 300 so'm.

19.

Yer sirtida birinchi kosmik tezlik 8 km/s ga teng. Yer sirtidan qanday balandlikda (km) birinchi kosmik tezlik

5\sqrt{2}

km/s ga teng bo'ladi.

20.

Yopiq idishdagi 6 mol geliy gazi bor. Uning issiqlik sig'imini (J/K) toping.

21.

Birinchi jism 4 uzel tezlik bilan g'arbga harakatlanmoqda, ikkinchi jism 6 uzel tezlik bilan shimoliy sharqqa harakatlanmoqda ularning nisbiy tezligini (uzel) toping.

22.

Qandaydir element alfa yemrlishga uchrab

^{229}_{90}

Th quydagi elementga aylandi. Dastlabki elementdagi nuklonlar sonini toping.

23.

Ko'ndalang kesim yuzasi

S = 8

^2

bo'lgan 10 m uzunlikdagi sterjenning Yung moduli 5 MPa bo'lsa, uning bikirligini (N/m) toping.

24.

Fotonning to'lqin uzunligi 4 marta kamaysa uning energiyasi qanday o'zgaradi.

25.

Davri 1 s bo'lgan ko'ndalang to'lqinning tarqalish tezligi 40 sm/s ga teng bo'lsa, 10 m masofaga nechta to'lqin uzunlik to'g'ri keladi?

26.

Ikki jismga ta'sir etuvchi natijaviy kuchni ularni tezlanishlariga bog'liqlik grafigi berilgan shunga ko'ra (

m_A/m_B

) ni toping.

27.

Massasi 0,5 kg bo'lgan sharcha 8 m/s tezlikda janub tamon harakatlanmoqda, massasi 1 kg bo'lgan ikkinchi sharcha 3 m/s tezlikda g'arbga tamon harakatlanmoqda. Agar sharlar noelastik to'qnashsa ularni to'qnashuvdan keyingi tezligini (m/s) toping.

28.

Hajmi 30 m

^3

bo'lgan xonada nisbiy namlik 60 % ga teng. Agar xona harorati

23^\circ

C ga teng bo'lsa suv bug'ining (g) massasini toping.

To'yingan suv bug'i zichligi (g/m

^3

23^\circ

— 20,6;

24^\circ

— 21,8;

25^\circ

— 23.

29.

2,5 kWh energiyani J ifodalang.

30.

Tinchlikdagi massasi

m

bo'lgan zarraning

0{,}8c

tezlikdagi impulsini toping.

31.

120 V kuchlanish manbaiga ulangan rezistoerdan 2,5 minutda ichida 1,8 kJ issiqlik miqdori ajralgan bo'lsa, rezistordan oqib o'tkan tok (A) kuchi qanday.

32.

Tebranish konturi induktivligi 200 mkH va sig'imi 3 pF bo'lgan kondensatordan iborat bo'lsa, bu tebranish konturini to'lqin uzunligini (m) toping.

Topshiriqlar (33-35) va javob variantlari (A-F) ni o'zaro moslashtiring.

33-35.

Grafikda bir atomli ideal gaz ustida quydagi yopiq sikl bajarildi.

Javob variantlari:

144

Savol	A	B	C	D	E	F
33. Gaz $a \to b$ ga o'tishda qanday ish (kJ) bajaradi?
34. $a \to b \to c$ o'tishda gazga berilgan issiqlik (kJ) miqdorini toping.
35. $b \to c \to d$ o'tishda ichki energiya o'zgarishini (kJ) toping.

36.

Kuzatish boshlanganidan 0,5 s o'tib, matematik mayatnikni kinetik energiya 3 mJ dan 1 mJ ga kamaydi. Potensial energiyasi esa 1 mJ dan 3 mJ ga ortdi.

a) Tebranish davrini toping.

b) Kuzatish boshlanganidan

T/6

s vaqt o'tgach potensial energiyasi toping.

37.

O'zgaruvchan elektr tarmog'iga aktiv, sig'im va induktiv qarshliklar rasmda ko'rsatilganidek ulangan.

a) Tok kuchining effektiv qiymatini toping?

b) Elektr tokini 5 s da bajargan ishini toping?

38.

Induktivligi 2 H va sig'imi 8 pF bo'lgan g'altak va kondensatordan iborat tebranish konturining.

a) Chastotasini toping (Hz)?

b) To'lqin uzunligini (m) toping?

39.

42 gramm oltin 120 m balandlikdan tushganda barcha energiya ichki energiyaga aylandi.

a) Jismning ichki energiyasi qanchaga o'zgargan?

b) Bunda oltin necha K ga qiziydi?

40.

Adiabatik jarayonda 3 mol bir atomli gazning ichki energiyasi 60 J ga ortdi.

a) Gaz qanday ish (J) bajargan?

b) Gazning temperaturasi qanday (K) o'zgargan?

41.

1 cm

^3

hajmli kub shaklidagi idishga 0,6 cm

^3

kerosin va 0,4 cm

^3

suv quyildi.

a) Suyuqliklarning idish tubiga beradigan umumiy bosimini (Pa) toping?

b) Idish tubidagi bosim kuchini (mN) toping?

42.

Toshkent teleminorasi umumiy massasi 1600 t. Teleminora yuzasi 2 dm

^2

bo'lgan 4 ta asosdan iborat. Teleminora yasalgan metal uchun yung moduli

1{,}9\cdot10^{11}

Pa ga teng bo'lsa.

a) Asoslarga tushayotgan kuchlanishni toping? (Pa)

b) Mexanik kuchlanish sabab minoradagi nisbiy siqilishni toping? (%)

43.

Tinchlikdagi massasi

10^{-8}

kg bo'lgan zarraning tezligi

0{,}6c

ga teng.

a) Zarraning kinetik energiyasini (J) klassik usulda toping?

b) Zarraning kinetik energiyasini (J) to'g'ri (relyativistik usulda) toping?

44.

0{,}6c

tezlik bilan harakatlanayotgan zarraning impulsi

P

ga, to'la energiyasi

E

ga teng.

a) Zarraning

0{,}8c

tezlik bilan harakatlangandagi to'la energiyasini aniqlang?

b) Zarraning

0{,}8c

tezlik bilan harakatlangandagi impulsini aniqlang?

45.

Vodorod atomidagi eletron birinchi orbitadan boshqasiga o'tganida kinetik energiyasi 16 marta kamaygan bo'lsa.

a) Radiusi qanday o'zgargan?

b) Elektronning aylanish davri qanday o'zgaradi?